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Table 3 Policies referred to within LG food policies, by level of administration (local, national, global region or international – as defined in Table 2)

From: Local government policy to facilitate healthy and sustainable diets and the broader policy hierarchy: insights from Milan Urban Food Policy Pact cities

Level of policy administration

Global regions

Europe and Central Asia

North America

Latin America and Caribbean

Sub-Saharan Africa

Local

“Superb Food” (sustainable urban and peri-urban food provision) in Zurich, Rotterdam and their surrounding local governmentsA,B, Zurich Cultural Land Initiative (Switzerland)A, Quality Charter for Agriculture and Food Economy (Switzerland)A,B, Healthy Schools LondonA,B,C, London Healthy Workplace CharterA,B,C

Provincial Local Food Act 2013 (Toronto and surrounding municipalities)A,B, Regional Growth Strategy (Vancouver)A, Affordable Housing Strategy (Vancouver)A, British Columbia’s Climate Action Plan (Vancouver)A,B,C, Mandatory Recycling and Composting Ordinance 2009 (San Francisco)C

Municipal Secretariat of Supply (Belo Horizonte)A, City Region Food System of Medellin (31 municipalities surrounding Medellin)A,B,C, Plan of Development for the Metropolitan District of Quito of 2015 (Ecuador)A

Economic Development Strategy (Cape Town)A, Poverty Alleviation Strategy (Cape Town)A

National

Federal Trans Fatty Acid regulation (Austria)B, Animal Welfare Act (Austria)A,B, Federal Procurement Act (Austria)A,B, National legislation to introduce organic procurement in school canteens (Italy)A,B, National Health Service’s Public Health Directorate (United Kingdom)B, National School Food Plan 2013 (United Kingdom)A,B,C

Love Food Hate Waste Canada (Canada)A,B,C, Farm Bill legislation (United States)A,B,C, Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (United States)A,B,C, Child Nutrition Act (United States)A,B,C, WIC program (United States)A,B,C, SNAP Education (United States)A,B,C

Family Farming Law (Brazil)A,B,C, Plan for Food and Nutrition Security 2016–2028 (Columbia)A,B, Organic Agriculture Law of 2007 (Ecuador)A,B, Food Sovereignty Law of 2009 (Ecuador)A,B,C, National Plan for Good Living of 2013 (Ecuador)A,B,C

National Agriculture, Fisheries & Food Act 2013 (Nairobi)A,B, Crops Act 2013 (Nairobi) A

Global region

Smart Food Cities for Development project (EU)A,B, C, IPES Food’s “Towards a Common Food Policy for the European Union” (EU)A,B,C, European Parliament resolution on Fair Trade and Development (EU)A, Edible Cities Network (EU)A,B,C, Food labelling and Country of Origin legislation (EU)A,B

Nil referred to

Nil referred to

Harare Declaration on Urban and Peri-urban Agriculture 2003 (Kenya, Malawi, Swaziland, Tanzania and Zimbabwe)A,B

International

Sustainable Development GoalsA,B,C, Paris Agreement, Milan Urban Food Policy PactA,B,C, United Nations Decade of Action on NutritionA,B,C, “Sustainable Schools” initiativeA,B,C, C40 Cities Advancing Towards Zero Waste DeclarationA,B,C

  1. Targeted diet-related practices from the three categories; A “Where to source food” (practices 1–4), B “What to eat” (practices 5–9) and C “How to eat” (practices 10–13)