Table 3 Community engagement with CHWs by country
Country | Role of community in: | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
CHW selection | CHW programme implementation | CHW supervision | CHW job performance evaluation | |
Afghanistan | Yes | Yes, women’s groups | Yes, village health committees | Yes |
Bangladesh—government | No explicit role | Yes, community groups | Not stated | Not stated |
Bangladesh—BRAC | Yes | Yes | Not stated | Not stated |
Brazil | Yes | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Ethiopia | Yes | Yes, village health committees | Kebele council members | Kebele council members |
Ghana | Varies | No | Yes, community health management committees | Not stated |
Guatemala | Yes | Yes | No | No |
India—current | Varies | Varies | Varies | Varies |
India 1997–2002 | Varied | No | No | No |
Indonesia | Yes | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Iran | Yes | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Kenya | Yes | Yes | Varies | Varies |
Liberia | Yes | Yes, community health committees | Yes, village health committees | Not stated |
Madagascar | Varies | Varies | Yes, village general assembly | Not stated |
Malawi | Yes | Yes | Yes, village health committees and community health management committees | Yes |
Mozambique | Yes | Yes, community leaders | Yes, community health committees | Not stated |
Myanmar | Varies | Varies | Not stated | Not stated |
Nepal | Yes | Yes | Yes, health facility management committees | Not stated |
Niger | Yes | Yes | Yes, health facility management committees | Not stated |
Nigeria | Yes | Yes, ward development committees | Yes, ward development committees | Yes |
Pakistan | Yes | Yes | Yes, women’s and men’s health committees | Yes |
Rwanda | Yes | Yes, community clubs | No | Not stated |
Sierra Leone | Yes | Yes, community groups | Yes | Yes |
South Africa | Minimal | No | No | No |
Tanzania | Varies | Yes | Yes | Yes |
Thailand | Yes | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Uganda | Yes | Yes | No | No |
Zambia | No | Not stated | Not stated | Not stated |
Zimbabwe | Yes | Yes, community leaders | Yes, community leaders | Yes |